Monday, July 27, 2020

Don’t Let Your Ex Get Your 401k

Don’t Let Your Ex Get Your 401k

A tremendous amount of confusion and misinformation surrounds your beneficiary and leaving moo-lah to your heirs.
It’s time for: Dave’s Quick and Easy (and Important) Guide to Understanding Beneficiary Arrangements.
It is essential that your beneficiary arrangements match your desires, and today I am going to dispel some common misconceptions. Get ready to learn.
Retirement Accounts
On any sort of retirement account (IRA, 401k, Roth IRA, etc.), you are able to name primary and contingent beneficiaries.
Example:
IRA Account Holder:  Joey Jenkins
Primary Beneficiary: 100% going to Joan Jenkins (wife)
Contingent Beneficiaries:  50% going to Johnny Jenkins (son)
50% going to Jackie Jenkins (daughter)
If Joey (husband) were to die, Joan (wife) would take possession of the retirement account assets and do a direct rollover the money to her own retirement account. There is no taxation on this kind of transaction.
If Joey and Joan were to die in an accident, then Johnny (son) and Jackie (daughter) would each receive half of Joey’s retirement account.
Johnny and Jackie then have two options:
Option #1– Take the money in cash.  With this option, Johnny and Jackie would be required to pay taxes on their full share of the inheritance.  So if Johnny (the son) were to receive his portion of $300,000, he would then be required to claim all of that money as income on his tax return for that year.  He very well could pay $100,000 to Uncle Sam in federal income tax.
Option #2- Roll the money over into an Inherited IRA. This option would allow Joey to pay no taxes for now. As he pulls money out from the account over time, he would have to pay income taxes on whatever amount he withdraws.
An Inherited IRA is a great way to stretch out the tax liability, as the beneficiary has up to ten years to withdraw the money.
Also, remember that the 10% tax penalty does not apply to an Inherited IRA (you do not have to wait until 59 ½ to take money out of an Inherited IRA).
Important Notes
  1. You can change primary and contingent beneficiaries at any time.
  2. If you have a 401k, by law, your spouse mustbe the primary beneficiary (unless they sign a waiver).  This is not the case with IRA’s.
  3. Beneficiary arrangements on retirement accounts supersede your will. This is essential to understand.  If your will instructs your IRA to go to your son, and your IRA account names your daughter as beneficiary- the daughter gets the money.  It doesn’t matter what the will says. The beneficiary designation trumps the will.
Non-Retirement Accounts
Now let’s move on to non-retirement assets.  These would include cash, savings, brokerage accounts, stocks, bonds or anything else you possess outside of your 401k or IRA. Your home and other properties would also fall under this category.
These assets fall under completely different rules.
For these accounts, you are able to set up a Transfer Upon Death designation (commonly referred to as a TOD).  So if Joey Jenkins has a savings account titled in his name, and his desire is for the account to transfer to his wife upon his death, the account would look like:
Owner:  Joey Jenkins TOD Jackie Jenkins.
Important Notes
  1. A TOD designation avoids probate.  The money transfers to the beneficiary immediately upon your death.
  2. You can name more than one person on your TOD instructions.  You can split up the beneficiaries just like a retirement account.
  3. In Florida, you cannot place a TOD on your home or other real estate.
  4. Setting up a trust can also accomplish the same thing, but a TOD might be simpler.
  5. Annuities held outside of retirement accounts require you to name a beneficiary.  Therefore annuities operate in a very similar fashion to retirement accounts.
  6. Life insurance also operates under beneficiary rules similar to retirement accounts.
Wow!  That was some technical (and important) information.
This info can help you avoid probate and make sure the right people get the right money.
Throughout my career, I’ve seen outdated beneficiary instructions create messy situations.  I’ve even seen spouses forget to take their ex-spouse off of their accounts! Don’t let your ex get your 401k!
Be Blessed,
Dave

Monday, July 20, 2020

Would You Rather Be Rich?

Would You Rather Be Rich?

Over the past twenty years, I’ve met a lot of different people who possess different amounts of savings. I’ve met many people with nothing. I’ve met millionaires. I’ve met lucky dogs who have tens of millions of dollars. I have never met a billionaire. (If you know one and they are looking for a financial advisor, send them my way).
It sure would be nice to be rich, wouldn’t it?
Maybe not.
I have noticed a striking phenomenon throughout the years. The amount of money you possess has a diminishing return on your happiness and enjoyment of life.
What does that mean? Let me show you through a few illustrative anecdotes.
Meet George.
George is close to broke. He owns a small home without a mortgage, but he and his wife must survive solely on social security of $2700 per month. That’s pretty tight.
I’ve done hundreds of budgets with clients and I’ve found that — in Sarasota, one of the leading retirement spots in the country — if you have no mortgage, you can get by pretty well on $4,000-$5,000 a month.
But, at $2,700 a month, George and his wife really need to be careful. They can probably only own one car. Probably can’t go out to eat much, and need to clip every coupon. They will get by, but a broken air conditioner can put incredible stress on their lives. In fact, I am willing to bet George and his wife live with a lot of daily stress over finances.
I don’t want to live like George.
Next is Nancy.
Nancy did better in preparing for retirement. In addition to her social security, she and her husband cobbled together about $400,000 in savings. They own their home and their social security totals $3,200.
Nancy invested her $400,000 in a balanced and diversified portfolio of stocks and bonds, with more than half the money in stocks. It is reasonable for her to withdraw $1600 a month from the account without putting herself in danger of running out of money.
This now equals $4,800 a month, which is much more doable. They can take a vacation now and then. They stay at lower-end hotels and utilize specials and happy hours. Nothing fancy, but great memories nonetheless. Her husband plays golf on the municipal courses, and they even signed up for nutrition classes at the local YMCA. They made a game of finding the best dinner specials in town.
While they are not living a lavish lifestyle, I’ve found the Nancys of the world can be perfectly content with her $5,000 a month. Of course, there are things she wishes she could do, but the European river cruise and new kitchen just aren’t in the cards. It doesn’t bother Nancy all that much. She has a roof over her head and can buy what she needs.
Now, what about Bob?
Bob was an executive at a small company in Tampa. His salary was in the six figures, and, together with his wife, they were able to save $1.2 million dollars. “I can’t believe we’re millionaires,” Bob would often think.
With their house paid off, Bob and his wife, between social security and investment dividends were bringing in $9,000 per month. After taxes that left $8,000 a month in cash, deposited straight into their bank account.
Now, this is some pretty serious money. Their budget is only $5000 per month, which gives the couple $36,000 a year of “play money.”
Bob and his wife begin to travel. Alaska, Europe, and New Zealand. They love the trips but after a year or two, Bob begins to tire of travel. “I like being in our house,” he says. “We live in paradise and all that traveling wears me out.”
They replace the floors and add a patio on the back deck. Bob plays golf at some of the nicer public courses and got his handicap down to 15. They go out to eat basically whenever they want. Maybe, every once in a while, they would really splurge on a good steakhouse dinner.
While Bob and his wife enjoy the money, they found that after a few years, spending $36,000 of play money was unnecessary. There is no reason to spend money just for spending money’s sake. They found a new source of joy in giving generously to their church and spoiling their grandchildren.
Bob and his wife ended up well-traveled with an upgraded home, living a quiet life they had learned to enjoy.
Lastly, Charlene
Charlene was rich. Between her social security and her investments she realized about $20,000 a month in retirement income. This gave her nearly $100,000 of play money per year, while living a very nice lifestyle.
Charlene’s husband is a member of an exclusive country club and plays golf at their world-famous course now and then. Even though it is only the two of them, they live in a 4,000 sq/ft house, which they can easily afford.
They travel whenever and wherever they choose. African safaris, cruises to far off exotic lands — always in the upgraded suite of course — and other adventures. They eat at the finest restaurants, owned the finest clothes, and had the best haircuts. Of course, Charlene wanted a chef’s kitchen so she could entertain.
Charlene and her husband quickly ran out of ideas on how to spend the money. They had everything they wanted.
What is the point, Dave?
George (the broke one) desperately needed more money. His current income put him under incredible stress. He had to watch every penny.
Nancy is your standard professional woman. She saved some money which allowed her to do some of what they wanted but the cheap version.
Bob, with his one million dollars, had a lot of opportunities.
Charlene could do whatever she wanted.
Now, let’s break down their lifestyles:
  • George cannot afford to play golf. He and his wife cannot afford to travel and cut coupons for groceries.
  • Nancy’s husband plays golf at the municipal courses. They must plan dinners out around Early Bird Specials, but they can enjoy a meal out.
  • Bob plays golf at a nice public course. He and his wife eat out at nice restaurants when they wish. They traveled, and they found other, fulfilling ways to spend their money.
  • Charlene and her husband belong to a fancy country club. She and her husband can eat wherever they want, whenever they want. They traveled the world and back.
The difference from George to Nancy is significant. But, the difference between Nancy and Bob is actually pretty small. They both play golf. Maybe Nancy had fewer sandtraps and water hazards. And maybe the greens were not as nice.
The difference between Bob and Charlene is actually pretty small, smaller than you would think. I can tell you, from personal experience, a five-star French restaurant’s food doesn’t taste all that much better than the nice Mom and Pop place down the street. Nancy and Bob were basically eating at the same places. Both got to travel.
Now, here’s an important point: Nancy, Bob, and Charlene all had the same amount of fun on their trips. Maybe Bob and Charlene got to take more trips to more exotic locations. But is that really that big of a deal?
Charlene’s Mercedes gave her no more joy than Nancy’s used 2018 Honda CRV.
Her 4,000 sq/ft home was lovely, but Nancy had plenty of joyful, happy memories in her 1,500 sq/ft home. The size of the house isn’t what matters. It is the life you create inside it.
Nancy, Bob, and Charlene all ended up eating at essentially the same restaurants.
They all got to enjoy being terrible golfers.
I don’t want to be George.
Not having enough in retirement is a very tough situation. But, as for Nancy, Bob, and Charlene — they all lived relatively similar retirements.
Diminishing returns.
Being “rich” does not give you all that better of a life compared to the “kinda-rich” compared to the “working/middle class.” Sure the levels of “fanciness” are different but does it really matter that much if your hotel room has newer carpet than the other?
Conclusion:
  1.  George is poor.
  2.  Nancy has enough to pay her bills and some fun stuff.
  3.  Bob gets to do more, but if Bob’s fun is double the cost, it is not twice as good.
  4. Charlene’s riches, you would think, would create a whole next level of living. They don’t. Charlene gets to do whatever she wants at a premium price, but for three times the price as Bob, the increase of quality is quite minimal.
Don’t have a false impression that more money means a totally different retirement lifestyle. It doesn’t. I’ve done this for 20 years. It doesn’t.
As long as you have enough to not worry about paying the bills, like George.
Money doesn’t matter anyway. We have been put on this Earth for relationships. The relationships you have in your lives are far more important than your monthly income. The cliché  is true — I’ve met very wealthy, lonely people, and I’ve met people without a penny to their name with lives full of love.
Be Blessed,
Dave

Monday, July 13, 2020

Now What Do You Do?!

In past articles I have discussed why you need to have financial plan entering retirement. Just as important as your financial plan is your personal fulfillment plan. Also known as, “What Am I Going to Do With Myself Once I Retire Plan.”
In the course of my everyday business I run into two distinct kinds of people.
  1. Work to Live People.
  2. Live to Work People.
The first type, often times women (but not always), find that when they retire, their schedule is almost immediately filled up. My mother is a good example. After teaching elementary school, she very quickly adjusted and thrived in her new, retired life. She’s involved with the grandkids, she visits elderly relatives, she volunteers at the local women’s shelter, and she spends time doing the things she didn’t have time for while working.
The second type, often men (but again, not always), find that the entire concept of retirement is unpleasant. How are you going to stay busy? How are you going to stay active and healthy? My dad is good example for this type. He had the opportunity to retire in his mid-60s but he decided to continue on in his business, and he is still working today. Granted he spends less hours working, but he likes having a productive and rewarding job to do.

There is no “right” way to retire.

Both of these are perfectly valid ways to live. There is no “good type” or “bad type” or retirement. It is entirely dependent on what is important to you. But the point I want to drive home in this article is: You need to plan for your life in retirement.
Don’t make the mistake of waking up on your first retired morning wondering, “What do I do now?” It is important to spend considerable time and thought determining what you want your retired years to look like.
Retirement is a unique opportunity to reinvent your life. Really, besides childhood, retirement is the only time in life that offers the freedom to create your life without other people telling you what to do.
I can help people feel more comfortable with their finances. I can help people find the perfect balance between spending too much and spending too little. But one thing I can’t do in the course of my professional life is to help you determine what your retired life looks like. But, I can tell you that you need to plan for retirement now, before you retire.

Plan your retired life before you retire.

You’ve seen the grandkids, taken a cruise, seen the Grand Canyon. You’ve completed the Bucket List … now what?
I’ve found that lasting, fulfilling, rewarding retirements center around two things: relationships and service. Of course, relationships and service are motivating factors throughout your entire life, but as you get older, I’ve found that these two concepts become even more central.
Let’s take a look at what other retirees have done.
  1. Mrs. Smith decided to take the earnings from her investments each year and put them toward church-building projects. One church has already been completed in Nepal, with another one being planned.
  2. Mrs. Jones wanted to pass on her passion for learning to her grandkids. She started doing weekly “classes” with each of her three grandkids. She prepares a relevant lesson based on current events and then engages each child in an hour-long discussion and study session.
  3. Mr. Williams is a retired CPA. He spends his free time at a local senior center, where he gives free tax and financial advice to other retirees. He sets aside three hours each day Monday through Friday, and his 30 minute sessions are simply first come, first serve.
  4. Mr. Smith loves to cook. When he retired from his career he quickly found a new passion: cooking large meals for families that were dealing with cancer. Mr. Smith found that not only was he able to provide meals for people in difficult situations, he also made a lot of new friends. In fact, Mr. Smith has never done work that was so rewarding.
  5. Mrs. Johnson dreaded retirement. She loved her job and she loved being busy. The best part of her job was helping younger managers develop and grow. In retirement, Mrs. Johnson started a consulting business whereby she would help mentor young executives who were working in a similar industry.
  6. Mr. Sherman had spent forty years in construction. As a college student he was heavily involved in amateur theater. Once retired, Mr. Sherman rekindled his passion for acting and theater. He found himself busy, making new friends, and amazing his friends and family as he prepared for a major role in production of a Midsummer’s Night Dream.
Now, don’t get me wrong. You might be perfectly happy working in your garden and hanging around the grandkids. I just want to encourage you to see that retirement can be anything you want it to be! It does require some planning and it might take a little while to find your niche. But you will!
Be Blessed,
Dave

Monday, July 6, 2020

Why is There a U-haul Hitched to the Back of that Hearse?

Why is There a U-haul Hitched to the Back of that Hearse?

When you die, you cannot take your possessions or money with you.
But on the flip side of the coin…..
When you retire you no longer have an income.  It’s stressful.  It can be scary.  It gets hard to spend your money once you are retired.
Most people are worried- you are not the only one.
What if I run out of money? What if I become a burden to my kids? What if I end up working at Walmart at age 95?
I bet there is also something deep inside of you saying, “I’ve worked hard and saved my money all these years. When do I get to enjoy it?!  Sure, it would be nice to leave a little to the kids. But this is MY money.”
Hold on to your hats. The government statistics on retiree finances are shocking.
  1. On average, retirees are dying with 60% more money than they had on the day they retired. (source)
  2. 80% of retirees are spending less money than what comes in each month.  (source)
So, what does all this mean?
If you don’t start thinking about what your money is FOR, you could very well end up like 80% of the country who underlives and oversaves.
Once you retire (if you have $250,000 or more in savings), you need to start spending some of your retirement savings immediately.
How much should you start spending?  We will cover that in future articles.  But generally speaking: Once you retire it is okay to start spending the money that your money is making. 
If your CD is paying 1%.  Spend the 1%. I suggest taking 5% per year if invested in a balanced and diversified portfolio (with at least half of the money in stocks).
Does that make sense?  Does it make sense to at least spend the money the money is making?  I hope so. Why? Because whenever I sit down with retirees in their 80’s and 90’s, do you know what most of them say to me, “Why did I wait so long to spend my savings?  I have more than ever. Dave, why didn’t we have this conversation with you twenty years ago?!”
Regret.  Needless worry.  Oversaving. Underliving.
But this is not your destiny.  You are going to take time to learn the facts.  You are going to open yourself up to the idea that maybe there is a better way to handle retirement planning.  You are going to find the perfect balance between spending and saving. You might end up living a much richer retirement than you realized.
Be Blessed,
Dave